Nerve cranial VIII - acoustic nerve (Auditorium nerve)

Acoustic nerve motorised two components: cochlear nerve or nerve of hearing and vestibular subserves nerve balance. Let's make a journey and analyze these two systems, as we also find some basic neurologic test on the role of this nerve.

Cochlear system: The cochlear nerve final-organos are the organ of Corti, inside of the cochlea of the inner ear hair cells. Core fibres of the cell bodies as the cochlear nerve.Crosses the internal auditory meatus, where is inferolateral facial nerve and crosses the subarachnoid space in the cerebellopontine Angel and enters the top t marrow him in dorsal cochleovestibular nuclei and secondary acoustical fibres ventrales.Proyecto trapezoidal body and lateral leminscus to finish primary auditory receptive areas in the transverse temporary Heschel Gyri of auditory radiation.

vestibular system: vestibular consisting in the semicircular canals system has the function of guiding the theme in space (all 3 planes) and also keep the relative position between the head and the cuerpo.Cambios Setup electric shocks in the semicircular canals blisters neuroepithelium and Scarpas ganglion maculae transmit these impulses of the vestibular nuclei and to the parties at the top of the spinal cord. Vestibular nuclei are connected to the cerebellum through the lower spine of the tracts of vestibulospinal centres and the muscles of the eye of the medial longitudinal package motor nuclei cerebellar peduncle.

Disorders of vestibular function lead to dizziness, the inability to maintain posture, nystagmus and systemic, disorders such as nausea, vomiting, visual hallucinations, sense of rotation of the surroundings, sweating, teachycardiac hypotention.En Vertigo, there is a distinct rotational sense t. Objects may seem to revolve around the Vertigo of 9objective patients) or you can experience the sensation of turning that around it (subjective Vertigo).

Testing
Audience is evaluated by noting the patient's ability to perceive noise when the examiner rubbed his thumb and index or better still by a clock of the external auditory meatus. Took note of the distance from your ear, and the browser compares the audience with their own patient acuity. Better information can be obtained through the use of a pitch.

Rinne test: here, the patient air conduction compared hueso.La driving fork (512 Hz) is firmly placed against the mastoid and ask the patient to already indicate when the sound is heard.Then placed ahead of the external auditory meatus and noted the time during which listens.Air conduction is typically better than bone-Rinne conductive deafness positivo.En driving (negative Rinner) bone conduction is better than air conduction.Sensorineural deafness, reducing air and bone conduction but maintain the normal relation and the Rinner is positive.On the other hand, the RInner is negative for ear disease.

Weber test: here, the fork is placed on the forehead and the patient you are prompted to choose the ear heard better.Usually heard equally well in both conductive deafness oidos.En, sound is heard better by involved ear, while in sensorineural deafness, best is heard by the ear full.

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Nerve 7th cranial - facial nerve and how its function test

By Funom Makama Funom Makama
Level: Platinum

I am Dr. Funom Theophilus Makama (while still a student) pronounce I am a candidate for Cardio-thoracic surgeon and also I love to write. I write articles (especially...)

The seventh cranial nerve is a nerve predominantly engine provide the muscles of facial expression. The sensory component is small, brings taste sensations from the previous two-thirds of tongue and sensations skin of the anterior wall of the external ear canal.

Flavor fibers are transported by the lingual nerve, which is a branch of the mandibular nerve and these fibres to join the chorda timpani.The motor nucleus of the seventh nerve is anterior and lateral Abducens core Bridge lower Pons.Intrapontine hook the nucleus of sixth nerve fibres to emerge with the side to the corticospinal tract cerebellopontine angle. Along with the ear canal of the neatus auditory interna.Anterioly bends sharply forward downwards and in this angle is geniculado.Metacarpalia ganglion, nerve exits through the hole of stylomastoid.Immediately after his departure from the skull, the nerve passes through the parotid and gives rise to five branches to supply the orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris frnatalis muscles zygomatic, buccinator, platysma and other muscles facial.En expression facial, only distal to the geniculate on superificial ganglion sphenopalantine which innervates the lacrimal glands and gives muscle estapedio, another branch that provides greater petrosal nerve ganglion channel before they joined the chorda timpani.

Testing

The patient must be ordered to frown, crush his brow, increasing their eyebrows, close their eyes firmly against the resistance, the angle of the mouth shrink, showing its teeth, blow his cheeks and whistle, if there is difficulty in any of the above functions, could compare with the healthy side. Also note any asymmetry of palpebral fissure and furrows in the rest position lid.

The sensation of the previous appearance of the external auditory canal is cotton proof ingenuity.Taste of the previous two-thirds of tongue is tested through 4 joint tastes and quinine.Language must be protrude throughout the test and the patient may protrude from the test and the patient should not be allowed to speak.Words, sweet, salt, sour and bitter are written on paper, and item is prompted to select the word meaning perceived taste.The third back of the tongue, the same material can be used for testing.As an alternative stimulus, you can use the current facial galvanica.Paralisis (paralysis) may be the type of motor neuron upper or lower motor neuron.

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Article sent on: November 11, 2010