As indicated by the topic, headache is the commonest, however, often the most difficult clinical encountered a problem by the physician, especially a neurologist. Although the term headaches can mean pain anywhere in the head, is usually confined to pain that arise in the region of the cranial Vault. Quite often, headaches is a symptomatic expression of some minor ailment, mental stress or fatigue, and in most cases, the cause is not neurological. Sometimes is sinister, indicative of serious disease intracranial importance.
Head pain can arise from different structures, including:
1. The cranial vault which consists of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscles, arteries periosteum skull;
2. intracranial venous sinuses and its tributaries.
3. The part of the dura mater at the base of the brain and the arteries of the Dura and pia arachnoid;
4. Of the trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, vague and first three; cervical nerves and
5. The structures of the eye, ear and nasal cavity.
Bone skull, brain tissue lining pia arachnoid, ventricular and Plexus is insensitive to head dolor.Dolor can be classified broadly in:
1. refers headache,
2 neuralgic pain headache
3 headache due to meningeal irritation
4 Vascular headache
5 headache due to traction on intracranial structures, and
6 Psychogenic headache.
Headache of referred: Pain arising from the eyes, ears, nose, sinuses of air, teeth, cervical spine and other structures can refer as headache.Iridocyclitis and glaucoma produce headache that refers to the frontal region.Sinus nasal and sinus disease can cause pain in the front or malar region.Cervical spondylosis can cause occipital headache.Some people a cold stimulus in the soft palate may produce headache refers speaks of a "headache" ice cream.
Neuralgic headache: trigeminal neuralgia is a typical example of neuralgia pain craneal.El is episodic and lancinating in character.This occurs within the fifth cranial nerve distribution.Neuralgia post-herpetic pain is continuous and ardent in character.Glossopharyngeal neuralgia pain stab character feels in the pharynx and deep in the ear.Loss of teeth or dentures connection sick cause malalignment of the bite and secondary these changes occur in the temporomandibular neuralgia.Here pain varies from dull pain to intense stabbing type agonizing pain that radiates from the region affected the frontal and temporal cheek area or neck joint.
Meningeal irritation: headache is almost always a symptom of meningitis encefalitis.Esto is result of meningeal inflammation reducing pain threshold sensitive structures in the base of the brain and therefore minimum mechanical stimuli produce cabeza.Este headache pain can be generalized or sometimes more severe in the region occipital.Se aggravates even movements diagnostic cabeza.El minima is suggested by associated with fever, stiffness photophobia and head of subarachnoid hemorrhage cuello.Dolor is more or less the same character but is sudden onset and often severa.A intensity is accompanied by loss of consciousness.
Vascular headache: this type of headache is the result of intracranial vessel dilation or extracraneal.El pain is pulsating in nature and tends to worsen with the head movements.
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